Their stance may have led to the failure of the uprising. Interestingly, many of the powerful Odawa tribe of Arbor Croche in northwest Michigan refused to participate in the uprising. Many view the Ottawa attack on Fort Detroit in May 1763 as the beginning of the so-called Pontiac’s Rebellion. Pontiac and a spiritual medicine man named Neolin spread a message that encouraged Ohio Country tribes to unite and rise against the British. Indians capture all the forts in Michigan except Detroit. Siege of Detroit by Frederic Remington – Public Domain,ĭuring the Indian wars in the area, Chief Pontiac leads a 135-day siege of Detroit. 1763 – Chief Pontaic Lays Siege on Detroit When Major Robert Rogers and his troops took command of Detroit, the British discovered that it had a population of about 2,000 people and 300 buildings. There was little point in defending Detroit after British forces took Quebec on September 13, 1759. This followed the capture of Montreal by British General Amherst, and the Articles of Capitulation stipulated that all remaining French holdings, including Detroit, were to be included in the spoils. The French handed over Fort Pontchartrain to the British, effectively ending French rule in Detroit. This fortified community became the excellent fur trade center of the Northwest until its relocation to nearby Mackinac Island in 1781. The French established Fort Michilimackinac at the Straits of Mackinac in an area just north of where Mackinac City resides. 1715 – France Builds Fortifications at Mackinac The expedition began construction on Fort Pontchartrain du Detroit, named after the French marine minister who approved their journey and the narrow strait, le détroit in French, where it was located. Cadillac claimed the new French territory. The expedition returned upstream the next day and chose a location for the new settlement on a bluff on the northern shore from which they could best control the river. On July 23, the expedition camped on Grosse Ile. The expedition traveled up the Ottawa River, Lake Nipissing, the French River, Georgian Bay, Lake Huron, the St. Lawrence River near Montreal on June 5, 1701. Cadillac and a group of 100 colonists, soldiers, and missionaries set out from Lachine on the St. Cadillac convinced King Louis XIV of France of the strategic advantages of a location to the south, closer to advancing British interests, after commanding the fort at Michilimackinac. 1668 – Catholic Mission Established at the SooĪntoine de la Mothe Cadillac established Detroit and began Fort Pontchartrain. Mary’s River rapids, and the French began to refer to them as “Saulteaux,” a word derived from the French word sault or rapids. They came across the Ojibwa who lived near the St. He traveled around Lake Superior in 1622 or 1623, but the account of his journey was only written down from hearsay after his death by Gabriel Sagard-Theodat. Étienne Brulé and his companion Grenoble were most likely the first Europeans to see Lake Superior. 1622 – First Europeans See and Explore Lake Superior Here we will briefly review some significant events in Michigan history and how they’ve helped shape it into what it is today. Michigan became the 26th state on January 26, 1837. After the United States became a country, one of the first acts was to denote the Northwest Territory, which Michigan would come from. After Europeans first set foot in Sault St Marie, it attracted the colonial powers of France, Great Britain, and even Spain. Michigan has had a fascinating history in the Great Lakes region.
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